The Geely Preface is the first model based on the “Technology Geely 4.0” CMA Super Matrix Architecture, and it is a compact three-box sedan with a wheelbase of 2,800mm. The highlight is the 2.0TD direct-injection turbocharged engine from Volvo’s Drive-E series, with a maximum power of 190 hp and a maximum torque of 300 Nm, which is mated to a 7DCT gearbox.

Exterior

Exterior design of Preface adopts the new “energy ripples of cosmic echoes” front grille, straight waterfall grille trim, coupled with three-segment pulsating daytime running lamps and two sides of the powerful headlamps, comprehensively enhance the sporty and technological sense of the Preface. There is a special design on the side of the body, that is, from the front face of the “cosmic reverberation of energy ripples” front grille extends to the side of the body contour line, constituting a “sling shot” swing design, from the rear-view mirror and extends to the A-pillar, visually highlights a good sense of power. The car has a sense of power.

Interior

The Preface adopts a new “time and space overlapping cockpit” design, with overall lines that are very fluid and simple. The interior is a yacht blue and gray color scheme, flat-bottomed three-spoke multi-function steering wheel, 12.3-inch LCD instrumentation, suspended 12.3-inch center control screen, a strong sense of technology. It also comes with an intelligent on-board premium fragrance system, infinitely variable color breathing ambient lighting, 10-speaker BOSE audio, leather-wrapped center console, Interior door panels, steering wheel, and center armrest.

Performance

Preface is powered by Volvo Drive-E series 2.0TD engine + 7DCT combination, the engine has a maximum power of 190 hp and peak torque of 300 Nm. Thanks to the CMA architecture with MacPherson front suspension, E-type multilink independent rear frame, ZF DP-EPS steering assist system, ITT brake pads, and long-stroke dampers, it has strong grip and good cornering maneuverability.

Configurations

Preface’s features include, but are not limited to: equipped with 12nm high-performance automotive-grade chip, 21 “neuron” controllers, manipulating the entire vehicle 1144 signals, feel the intelligent control experience. 7.5-inch full-color HUD head-up display, integrated display of safety warnings, navigation, bluetooth calls and other driving information. In addition, the new car also added a scent system, BOSE audio such as high-end configurations only found in luxury mid-sized cars. In terms of safety features, Geely Preface is also unambiguous: AEB automatic emergency braking system, LDW lane departure warning system, etc., will always escort the driver and passengers.

	2024 Preface 1.5TD Dragon Edition	2024 Preface 2.0TD Greenback	2024 Preface 2.0TD Xiaohan Edition	2023 Preface 1.5TD Rotary Edition	2023 Preface 1.5TD Kunlun Edition	2023 Preface 2.0TD Deluxe	2023 Preface 2.0TD Timeless Edition	2023 Preface 2.0TD Premium	2023 Preface 2.0TD Only Lime Green Edition
Basic Information
Availability	2024.06	2024.03	2024.03	2023.06	2023.06	2022.07	2022.07	2022.07	2022.07
vehicle class	Compact Three	Compact Three	Compact Three	Compact Three	Compact Three	Compact Three	Compact Three	Compact Three	Compact Three
LengthWidthHeight(mm)	478518691469	478518691469	478518691469	478518691469	478518691469	478518691469	478518691469	478518691469	478518691469
Type of energy	gasoline	gasoline	gasoline	gasoline	gasoline	gasoline	gasoline	gasoline	gasoline
environmental standard	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6
motor	1.5T / 181 hp / inline-4	2.0T / 190 hp / inline-4	2.0T / 190 hp / inline-4	1.5T / 181 hp / inline-4	1.5T / 181 hp / inline-4	2.0T / 190 hp / inline-4	2.0T / 190 hp / inline-4	2.0T / 190 hp / inline-4	2.0T / 190 hp / inline-4
Maximum power (kW)	133	140	140	133	133	140	140	140	140
Maximum torque (N-m)	290	300	300	290	290	300	300	300	300
Number of gears	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7
transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission	Wet Dual Clutch Transmission
Maximum speed (km/h)	195	210	210	195	195	210	210	210	210
0-100km/h acceleration(s)	-	7.9	7.9	-	-	7.9	7.9	7.9	7.9
NEDC Combined Fuel Consumption (L/100km)	-	6.7	6.7	-	-	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.7
WLTC Combined Fuel Consumption (L/100km)	6.2	-	-	6.2	6.2	-	-	-	-
Warranty Policy	Four years or 100,000 kilometers	Four years or 100,000 kilometers	Four years or 100,000 kilometers	Four years or 100,000 kilometers	Four years or 100,000 kilometers	Four years or 100,000 kilometers	Four years or 100,000 kilometers	Four years or 100,000 kilometers	Four years or 100,000 kilometers
body of automobile
Length (mm)	4785	4785	4785	4785	4785	4785	4785	4785	4785
Width (mm)	1869	1869	1869	1869	1869	1869	1869	1869	1869
Height (mm)	1469	1469	1469	1469	1469	1469	1469	1469	1469
Wheelbase (mm)	2800	2800	2800	2800	2800	2800	2800	2800	2800
Front wheelbase(mm)	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618
Rear wheelbase(mm)	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618	1618
Weight (kg)	1465	1542	1542	1465	1465	1500	1500	1542	1542
Fuel tank volume (L)	50	50	50	50	50	50	50	50	50
Number of doors (pcs)	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
Number of seats (pcs)	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
Sport Appearance Package	-	●	●	-	●	-	●	-	●
motor
Displacement (mL)	1499	1969	1969	1499	1499	1969	1969	1969	1969
Maximum horsepower (Ps)	181	190	190	181	181	190	190	190	190
Maximum power (kW)	133	140	140	133	133	140	140	140	140
Maximum power speed(rpm)	5500	4700	4700	5500	5500	4700	4700	4700	4700
Maximum torque (N-m)	290	300	300	290	290	300	300	300	300
Maximum torque speed (rpm)	2000-3500	1400-4000	1400-4000	2000-3500	2000-3500	1400-4000	1400-4000	1400-4000	1400-4000
cylinder (engine)	Inline 4 cylinders	Inline 4 cylinders	Inline 4-cylinder	Inline 4 cylinders	Inline 4-cylinder	Inline 4-cylinder	Inline 4-cylinder	Inline 4-cylinder	Inline 4-cylinder
engine position	preamplifier	preamplifier	preamplifier	preamplifier	preamplifier	preamplifier	preamplifier	preamplifier	preamplifier
Intake form	turbocharged	turbocharged	turbocharged	turbocharged	turbocharged	turbocharged	turbocharged	turbocharged	turbocharged
valve train	double overhead camshaft	double overhead camshaft	Double overhead camshafts	Double overhead camshafts	Double overhead camshafts	Double overhead camshafts	double overhead camshaft	double overhead camshaft	double overhead camshaft
Lubrication method	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection
Cylinder material	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum
fuel grade	92#	95#	95#	92#	92#	95#	95#	95#	95#
environmental standard	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6	Country 6
Chassis/steering
Driving form	front drive	front drive	front drive	front drive	front drive	front drive	front drive	front drive	front drive
Front suspension type	MacPherson independent suspension	MacPherson independent suspension	MacPherson independent suspension	MacPherson independent suspension	MacPherson independent suspension	MacPherson independent suspension	MacPherson independent suspension	MacPherson independent suspension	MacPherson independent suspension
Rear suspension type	Multi-link independent suspension	Multi-link independent suspension	Multi-link independent suspension	Multi-link independent suspension	Multi-link independent suspension	Multi-link independent suspension	Multi-link independent suspension	Multi-link independent suspension	Multi-link independent suspension
Steering assist form	electric power assist	electric power assist	electric power assist	electric power assist	electric power assist	electric power assist	electric power assist	electric power assist	electric power assist
Wheels/Brakes
Front/Rear Brake Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type	Ventilated Disc Type / Disc Type
Parking brake type	electronic parking	electronic parking	electronic parking	electronic parking	electronic parking	electronic parking	electronic parking	electronic parking	electronic parking
Front Tire Specification	215/55 R17	225/45 R18	225/45 R18	215/55 R17	225/45 R18	215/55 R17	235/45 R18	225/45 R18	225/45 R18
Rear Tire Specification	215/55 R17	225/45 R18	225/45 R18	215/55 R17	225/45 R18	215/55 R17	235/45 R18	225/45 R18	225/45 R18
Wheel Material	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum	aluminum
Spare tire specification	Non-full size	Non-full size	Non-full size	Non-full size	Non-full size	Non-full size	Non-full size	Non-full size	Non-full size
Active/passive safety features
ABS anti-lock	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Brake force distribution (EBD/CBC etc.)	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Brake Assist (BA/EBA/BAS etc.)	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Traction control (ASR/TCS/TRC etc.)	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Stability Control (ESC/ESP/DSC etc.)	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Active braking/safety systems	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
merging aid	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
lane keeping assist system	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
lane departure warning	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
Road traffic signage recognition	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
front exhaust airbag	:: Driver's airbag	:: Driver's airbag	:: Driver's airbag	:: Driver's airbag	:: Driver's airbag	:: Driver's airbag	:: Driver's airbag	:: Driver's airbag	:: Driver's airbag
	●Passenger airbag	●Passenger airbag	●Passenger airbag	●Passenger airbag	●Passenger airbag	●Passenger airbag	●Passenger airbag	●Passenger airbag	●Passenger airbag
	●Side airbags	●Side airbags	●Side airbags	●Side airbags	●Side airbags	●Side airbags	●Side airbags	●Side airbags	●Side airbags
	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)
Rear airbags	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)	●Head airbags (air curtains)
Tire Pressure Detection Device	●Display	●Display	●Display	●Display	●Display	●Display	●Display	●Display	●Display
Seat Belt Reminder	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle
ISOFIX child restraints	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Forward Collision Warning	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
Auxiliary/Manipulation Configurations
parking radar	○前	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward
	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post
Driver Assistance Video	● Backup camera	●360-degree panoramic image	●360-degree panoramic image	●360-degree panoramic image	●360-degree panoramic image	● Backup camera	● Backup camera	●360-degree panoramic image	●360-degree panoramic image
	○360-degree panoramic image						○360-degree panoramic image
Transparent chassis/540 degree image	o	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
cruise control	●Cruise control	●Adaptive cruise at all speeds	●Adaptive cruise at all speeds	●Cruise control	●Cruise control	●Cruise control	●Cruise control	●Adaptive cruise at all speeds	●Adaptive cruise at all speeds
							○Adaptive cruise at all speeds
Driving Mode Switching	:: Campaigns	:: Campaigns	:: Campaigns	:: Campaigns	:: Campaigns	:: Campaigns	:: Campaigns	:: Campaigns	:: Campaigns
	:: Economy	:: Economy	:: Economy	:: Economy	:: Economy	:: Economy	:: Economy	:: Economy	:: Economy
	:: Standard/comfort	:: Standard/comfort	:: Standard/comfort	:: Standard/comfort	:: Standard/comfort	:: Standard/comfort	:: Standard/comfort	:: Standard/comfort	:: Standard/comfort
	● Customization/Personalization	● Customization/Personalization	● Customization/Personalization	● Customization/Personalization	● Customization/Personalization	● Customization/Personalization	● Customization/Personalization	● Customization/Personalization	● Customization/Personalization
hill-holding aid	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
automatic parking	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
automatic parking	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
remote control	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
Assisted driving level	-	●L2	●L2	-	-	-	○L2	●L2	●L2
External/anti-theft configurations
skylights	●Openable panoramic sunroof	●Openable panoramic sunroof	●Openable panoramic sunroof	●Openable panoramic sunroof	●Openable panoramic sunroof	●Openable panoramic sunroof	●Openable panoramic sunroof	●Openable panoramic sunroof	●Openable panoramic sunroof
Key Type	●Remote key	●Remote key	●Remote key	●Remote key	●Remote key	●Remote key	●Remote key	●Remote key	●Remote key
	● Bluetooth key	● Bluetooth key	● Bluetooth key	● Bluetooth key	● Bluetooth key	● Bluetooth key	● Bluetooth key	● Bluetooth key	● Bluetooth key
Keyless entry	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Keyless Start System	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Remote start function	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Central locking in the car	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
electronic immobilizer	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Internal Configuration
Steering wheel material	● Leather	● Leather	● Leather	● Leather	● Leather	● Leather	● Leather	● Leather	● Leather
Steering Wheel Adjustment	● Manual	● Manual	● Manual	● Manual	● Manual	● Manual	● Manual	● Manual	● Manual
	Adjustable up and down	Adjustable up and down	Adjustable up and down	Adjustable up and down	Adjustable up and down	Adjustable up and down	Adjustable up and down	Adjustable up and down	Adjustable up and down
	Adjustable front and rear	Adjustable front and rear	Adjustable front and rear	Adjustable front and rear	Adjustable front and rear	Adjustable front and rear	Adjustable front and rear	Adjustable front and rear	Adjustable front and rear
Steering wheel functions	:: Multifunctionality	:: Multifunctionality	:: Multifunctionality	:: Multifunctionality	:: Multifunctionality	:: Multifunctionality	:: Multifunctionality	:: Multifunctionality	:: Multifunctionality
		●Shift paddles	●Shift paddles				●Shift paddles	●Shift paddles	●Shift paddles
center armrest	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward
	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post
Sun visor vanity mirror	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Liquid crystal instrument size	7 inches.	12.3 in.	12.3 in.	7 inches.	12.3 in.	7 inches.	7 inches.	12.3 in.	12.3 in.
HUD Head-Up Display	-	-	●	-	-	-	o	-	-
Built-in car recorder	o	o	o	o	o	o	o	o	o
Wireless charging function for cell phones	-	-	● Front row	-	-	-	○Front row	-	-
Intelligent Hardware
Number of ultrasonic radars	:: 4	:: 12	:: 12	:: 8	:: 8	:: 8	:: 8	:: 12	:: 12
seating	○8						○12
Seat Material	:: Imitation leather	●Other materials	●Other materials	:: Imitation leather	:: Imitation leather	:: Imitation leather	●Other materials	:: Imitation leather	●Other materials
Main Driver's Seat Function	-	●Heating	:: Memory	-	-	-	○Memory	●Heating	:: Memory
			:: Ventilation				○Ventilation		:: Ventilation
			●Heating				○Heating		●Heating
Passenger seat function	-	●Heating	:: Ventilation	-	-	-	○Ventilation	●Heating	:: Ventilation
			●Heating				○Heating		●Heating
Seat electric adjustment	○Owner's license	●Principal Driver	●Principal Driver	●Principal Driver	●Principal Driver	●Principal Driver	●Principal Driver	●Principal Driver	●Principal Driver
		●Passenger	●Passenger		●Passenger		X passenger seat.	●Passenger	●Passenger
Integral adjustment of the main driver's seat	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after
	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests
	●High/Low (2-way)	●High/Low (4-way)	●High/Low (4-way)	●High/Low (2-way)	●High/Low (2-way)	●High/Low (2-way)	●High/Low (4-way)	●High/Low (4-way)	●High/Low (4-way)
Partial adjustment of the main driver's seat	-	:: Waist (4-way)	:: Waist (4-way)	-	-	-	○Waist (4-way)	:: Waist (4-way)	:: Waist (4-way)
Passenger seat overall adjustment	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after	●Before and after
	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests	●Backrests
Second row seat adjustment	●Proportional lowering	●Proportional lowering	●Proportional lowering	●Proportional lowering	●Proportional lowering	●Proportional lowering	●Proportional lowering	●Proportional lowering	●Proportional lowering
Passenger seat rear adjustable buttons	-	-	-	-	-	-	o	-	-
Rear Cup Holder	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
multimedia
Large color screen in the center console	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
satellite navigation system	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Navigating the road information display	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Map Branding	●Gold	●Gold	●Gold	●Gold	●Gold	●Gold	●Gold	●Gold	●Gold
Roadside assistance calls	-	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
In-vehicle Intelligent System	● Geely Galaxy OS	● Geely Galaxy OS	● Geely Galaxy OS	● Geely Galaxy OS	● Geely Galaxy OS	● Geely Galaxy OS	● Geely Galaxy OS	● Geely Galaxy OS	● Geely Galaxy OS
Bluetooth/Car Phone	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Cell phone connectivity/mapping	●HiCar support	●HiCar support	●HiCar support	●HiCar support	●HiCar support	●HiCar support	●HiCar support	●HiCar support	●HiCar support
Audio Brand Name	-	BOSE	BOSE	-	-	-	BOSE option	BOSE	BOSE
Number of audio speakers	8	10	10	8	8	8	8 (Option 10)	10	10
Voice Recognition Control System	:: Multimedia systems	:: Multimedia systems	:: Multimedia systems	:: Multimedia systems	:: Multimedia systems	:: Multimedia systems	:: Multimedia systems	:: Multimedia systems	:: Multimedia systems
	:: Navigation	:: Navigation	:: Navigation	:: Navigation	:: Navigation	:: Navigation	:: Navigation	:: Navigation	:: Navigation
	:: Telephone	:: Telephone	:: Telephone	:: Telephone	:: Telephone	:: Telephone	:: Telephone	:: Telephone	:: Telephone
	:: Air conditioning	:: Air conditioning	:: Air conditioning	:: Air conditioning	:: Air conditioning	:: Air conditioning	:: Air conditioning	:: Air conditioning	:: Air conditioning
	●Sunroof	●Sunroof	●Sunroof	●Sunroof	●Sunroof	●Sunroof	●Sunroof	●Sunroof	●Sunroof
Center screen size	●12.3 inches	●12.3 inches	●12.3 inches	-	-	●12.3 inches	●12.3 inches	●12.3 inches	●12.3 inches
4G/5G networks	●4G	●4G	●4G	-	-	●4G	●4G	●4G	●4G
Telematics	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
OTA upgrade	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Multi-finger flying screen control	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
Interface Support	●USB port	●USB port	●USB port	●USB port	●USB port	●USB port	●USB port	●USB port	●USB port
illumination
low beam (headlights)	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED
high beam (headlights)	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED	●LED
LED daytime running lights	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Adaptive high and low beam	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
Adjustable headlights	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Automatic headlights	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Delayed headlight off	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Interior ambient lighting	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
Glass/Mirror
power window	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward	●Forward
	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post	● Post
One-touch window lifting	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle	● Full vehicle
Anti Window Pinch Handle	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
outside rearview mirror	●Motorized adjustment	●Motorized adjustment	●Motorized adjustment	●Motorized adjustment	●Motorized adjustment	●Motorized adjustment	●Motorized adjustment	●Motorized adjustment	●Motorized adjustment
	○Electric folding	:: Electric folding	:: Electric folding	:: Electric folding	:: Electric folding	:: Electric folding	:: Electric folding	:: Electric folding	:: Electric folding
	●Heating	●Heating	:: Memory	●Heating	●Heating	●Heating	○Memory	●Heating	:: Memory
	○Automatic folding of locked car	●Automatic folding for locking the car	●Heating	●Automatic folding for locking the car	●Automatic folding for locking the car	●Automatic folding for locking the car	●Heating	●Automatic folding for locking the car	●Heating
		●Automatic reversing down	●Automatic folding for locking the car				●Automatic folding for locking the car	●Automatic reversing down	●Automatic folding for locking the car
			●Automatic reversing down				○Automatic reversing		●Automatic reversing down
rearview mirror	●Manual anti-glare	●Manual anti-glare	●Automatic anti-glare	●Manual anti-glare	●Manual anti-glare	●Manual anti-glare	○Automatic anti-glare	●Manual anti-glare	●Manual anti-glare
							●Manual anti-glare
inductive wiper	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●
Air conditioners/refrigerators
Air conditioning control method	● Automatic control	● Automatic control	● Automatic control	● Automatic control	● Automatic control	● Automatic control	● Automatic control	● Automatic control	● Automatic control
rear air vent	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Temperature zone control	o	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
PM2.5 filtration	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●	●
Negative Ion Generator	-	-	●	-	-	-	o	-	-
In-car scenting devices	-	●	●	-	-	-	o	●	●